Description of the Uspenskoe apple tree and characteristics, advantages and disadvantages
The Uspenskoe apple variety is valued by amateur gardeners for a number of positive factors: simplicity and ease of care, large and tasty fruits, long shelf life and good transportability. No less weighty in the choice of this particular variety is high endurance to low temperatures and resistance to major fruit diseases.
Description of the Uspenskoe apple tree
The progenitor of this apple variety is the famous breeder and academician N.I.Savelyev. Thanks to the crossing of two fruit varieties - Bessemyanka Michurinskaya and Prima, a new hybrid with decent characteristics was obtained.
In the description of the Uspenskoe apple variety, attention should be paid to the following points:
- A tree of medium height, slow-growing type. Crohn - sprawling, medium density and perpendicularly growing skeletal branches.
- Shoots are round, short, grayish-brown in color, with a slight fluff on the surface.
- The leaves are of an elongated configuration, helically twisted at the tops. The plates are glossy, deep green in color, with a scalloped border along the edges.
- The flowers are large, with a shallow calyx, pale pink color.
- Fruits are large, regular rounded oval shape. Covered with a smooth skin, greenish-yellow tone. At the stage of consumer ripeness, they acquire a scarlet blush on the sides. There is practically no rusting. The pulp is white, juicy, and has a sour-sugar taste. Inside there are medium-sized dark brown seeds.
The fruits contain many vitamins and trace elements, including ascorbic acid - 27 mg, soluble solids - 16 mg, sugars - 11.5%, P-active compounds - 397 mg per 100 grams.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The Uspenskoe apple variety has many advantages, namely:
- high scab resistance;
- winter hardiness;
- retains presentation and consumer qualities for a long time;
- has a useful biochemical composition;
- unpretentious in care.
There are not so many disadvantages - this is a short keeping quality and shedding of overripe fruits from the tree.
Apple tree characteristics
This fruit variety is characterized by several points, which gardeners first of all pay attention to. It should be noted that generally the indicators for the apple tree are positive. This explains that the choice falls on this particular variety.
Dimensions
Gardeners differ on the size of the tree.In any gardening guide, the Uspenskoye apple tree is listed as a medium-sized crop. However, real gardeners refer it more to undersized.
Usually, an adult apple tree grows no more than 3.5 meters in height.. It is worth mentioning separately about the size of the fruits - they are quite large and one-dimensional. The average weight of one apple is 200-220 grams, but there are also 250-270 grams.
Yield
Another positive characteristic of the variety is stable and abundant fruiting. The average value of the yield with intensive cultivation is 210-250 c / ha. Amateur gardeners usually pick up to 50 kg of apples from a tree.
The pulp of the fruit is tender, juicy, sugary, with a pleasant sourness in taste. This representative scored 4.6 out of 5 points on the tasting scale.
The frequency of fruiting
The Uspenskoe apple-tree bears fruit every year.
Winter hardiness
The variety is endowed with high frost resistance. Even at a temperature of -40 ° C, freezing of the bark and cambium does not occur, and the kidneys are slightly damaged.
Disease resistance
With respect to the degree of susceptibility to diseases inherent in fruit plants, a high degree of resistance was noted. Scab is the most common in apple trees, but the Uspenskoe apple variety has monogenic immunity to it.
Under unfavorable growth conditions, damage is possible:
- powdery mildew;
- fruit rot;
- cystoporosis;
- black cancer.
Of the pests, the greatest danger is apple moth, aphid, leafworm, moth, flower beetle, honeydew, red tick.
Ripening and fruiting
The fruits of the Uspenskoe variety are formed on spears, ringlets and fruit twigs. The culture is of autumn ripening and is characterized by rapid early maturity. The harvesting period depends on the climatic conditions of the growing region and varies between September and October.
The first harvest of fruits occurs in the fifth year after planting of seedlings. In the most favorable conditions, this may happen earlier.
It is important to remove apples from trees in a timely manner, as in an overripe state, they crumble to the ground. It is advisable not to delay the processing of the crop. Its storage is short: in the cool - no more than 2 months, in room conditions - 30-40 days.
Variety spread
The most favorable regions for garden cultivation of the Uspenskoe apple variety:
- Moscow region.
- Volga region.
- Central Black Earth zone of Russia.
- Ural.
- Altai.
Due to the endurance of low temperatures, this variety is successfully grown in Siberia. It does not require shelter for the winter, while it rarely freezes. Even if this happens, it quickly recovers. The zoning of this hybrid in the Middle Ural regions was completed back in 2004. There are quite comfortable conditions for him. In the southern Urals, no less rich harvests are collected.
