Description and characteristics of the apple variety Orlovskoe Polesie, cultivation
The apple tree of the Orlovskoe Polesye variety is the one that is most often found in the garden of apple lovers. What are the characteristics of this variety, the pros and cons, as well as the indicators of fruiting and yield? Let's consider everything in more detail below.
Description of the variety
The apple trees of the Oryol woodland are the most delicious of the apple varieties, which are distinguished by winter hardiness and productivity. Apple trees of this variety also have their own immunity to scab due to the Vf gene. In addition, from the description of any reference book it is said that the variety is partially self-pollinated and resistant to the preservation of heredity. So, since 2002, it has been included in the state register base as one of the highest quality varieties.
Specifications
Apple trees of the Oryol woodland have their own distinctive characteristics. The trees of this variety have an average height, an open crown, a spherical shape of branches, a perpendicular arrangement of the trunk, straight branches with upward shoots and smooth bark.
In addition, on the trunk of trees, the fruits are tied on ringlets of two types, and the growing brown shoots are slightly omitted. The kidneys are conical and small in size. They adhere tightly to the shoots, unlike other apple varieties.
The leaves are dark green and egg-shaped. They have a wrinkled and rough surface. Closer to the branches, they are slightly fluffed. Pedicels first take on a pinkish tint, then brighten. The opened flowers have a flat shape and loosely closed, rounded petals. The pistil column is distinguished by an intergrown and undescended structure.
Finished apples are covered with a shiny skin. They have a large and oblong-conical shape. Each of them weighs 150 grams and has a wide-ribbed, closed calyx, and is also located on a tree on a small stalk. The furrowed saucer is small. Fruit seeds are placed in closed chambers.
The peel of the fruit is distinguished by its luster and oily structure, has a greenish-yellow color. The pulp has a sweet, lemon-sweet taste. A similar taste is found in Molodezhny, Bolotovsky and Aromatic apple trees.
Pros and cons of the variety
The variety has its own list of advantages and disadvantages. Many gardeners consider the beautiful appearance and sweet taste of the fruit to be the main advantage. In particular, the taste is highly appreciated by international gardeners and tasters.
Also, the advantages of the Oryol woodland include:
- Rapid onset of fruiting.
- High resistance to cold, heat and scab.
- High yield and long shelf life of the harvested crop.
- Versatility (apple trees of this type can be grown in any place).
The only drawback of woodland is its thin skin. So that the product does not lose its appearance, gardeners have to harvest very carefully and do not allow ripe fruits to fall.
Size of an adult tree, annual growth
The mature tree is of medium size. By the age of two, it grows 5 meters. It grows 40 centimeters annually as most of the branches stretch upward. The gain decreases over time.
The frequency of fruiting
The trees bear fruit regularly and consistently. Even reaching its 50th anniversary, each apple tree gives a lot of harvest. Naturally, with improper care and the presence of a disease in a tree, it begins to bear fruit less often.
Yield
The Oryol woodland brings rich harvests. Grafted trees at the age of 10 years give 140 c / ha for the whole summer. A rich harvest of this tree species depends on proper planting, feeding, pruning and pest control.
Planting apple trees is required 5-7 centimeters deep with settling soil. In this case, you should not deepen the root system of the seedling. It is required to feed with organic matter when planting, and every 2-3 years in the fall with dolomite flour. With abundant flowering, you need to feed the trees with liquid top dressing, stuffed with vitamin microelements.
You need to trim the first 2-4 years to create a beautiful and uniform crown. In this case, the side branches should be cut off more than straight ones. When they grow, the tree will become overloaded with fruits and give less harvest.
You need to fight pests every spring with a bark beetle remedy. To combat moths, you need to spray the trees with Bordeaux liquid.
Tasting assessment
The pulp of the fruit is characterized by a white-cream color and a coarse-grained prickly structure. It is juicy, sweet and has practically the highest tasting mark of the originator - 4.3 points.
Frost resistance
The trees withstand harsh Russian winters well. If the Antonovka variety is damaged by 1 point, then this variety is damaged by 1.2 points, which is quite a decent indicator of frost resistance.
In order for the tree to withstand the winter better and suffer less, pruning and vitamin feeding are needed in the spring, and in the summer, abundant watering and protection from excessive sunlight on the leaves and branches are required.
Disease resistance
The variety is quite resistant to all diseases found in apple trees. So, for example, he has the Vf gene and is not afraid of scab. However, in the vicinity of diseased trees, it can become infected. As well as with other trees, it does not tolerate small pests in the form of insects.
Features of ripening and fruiting
Like many varieties, the Oryol woodland has its own characteristics of ripening and fruiting. The variety is mainly focused on the central Russian black soil and does not suffer from frost. When growing a variety in other regions, it is required to take into account all the features of its native region. Fruiting will not suffer and will be annual.
Apple trees ripen and produce a rich harvest every year only with sufficient light. Also, the lack of personal space in an apple tree, its oppression by other plants can lead to increased oxidation of fruits and, as a rule, a decrease in yield.
In the first years of life, apple trees need to remove the buds and protect the trunk from the sun with whitewash. This can help the apple trees recharge with micronutrients for the winter and keep their roots healthy.
In addition, it is required to remove almost all the foliage from the young apple trees from the crown. This will help facilitate and speed up root development.In addition, apple trees of this variety require abundant watering of 15 liters per day.
Given the listed features, you can achieve rapid ripening and fruiting of young apple trees.
The apple variety of the Oryol woodland matures quickly and bears fruit. The fruits ripen at the end of September. Young trees bear fruit from the 10th grafting or planting. On average, the indicators for the regions look like this: up to 150 c / ha of yield at a density of 100 apple trees / ha. That is, the variety gives about 150 kilograms from each tree.
The timing of flowering and ripening of fruits
Rich fruiting occurs at 4 years. Flowering occurs in the middle of the May decade and depends on the weather. Fruits ripen towards the end of September. By October, the fruits acquire aroma and taste.
The crop is stored in a cold, dark place and does not lose its beneficial qualities, aroma and sweet juicy taste until the middle of the first month of winter. It loses its presentation towards the end of winter.
Favorable growing regions
The most favorable regions for the cultivation of the Oryol woodland are the central chernozems. The Volga region is also favorable.
